Governing Body: | Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) |
Association football, the game is fondly known as soccer, football or the "beautiful game" by the sports lovers all around the globe. It is a contact sport and a team game that is played in between two teams of eleven players including a goalie on each side. Soccer is played with a spherical ball on a rectangular field with a goal at each end of the field.
Football was invented in England in the mid 19thcentury where the first club, the Sheffield football club was formed in 1863. It is said that the game was also played in many countries by different names and formats. However, as per the records, Ancient Greeks and Romans played a no. of ball games which involved the use of feet. Today, soccer is the most popular game in the world and is played in more than 200 countries by 250 million players.
The purpose of the game is to score more goals than the opponent team to win the game.
Before the invention of modern association football, several similar games were played in China, Greece, and during the reign of the Roman empire. But it was England and other British empires who transitioned the then-played ball game into the soccer we play today.
The Football Association (FA) was formed in 1863, and the laws of the game were set by the international football association board (IFAB) which was established in 1886.
FIFA, the international governing body of association football, was formed in Paris in 1904. It was then later admitted into the IFAB in 1913. After that, The popularity graph of football only soared high and high till it became what it is today - "the beautiful game".
,The first soccer balls were initially made from animal skin and inflated animal bladders, mostly from pig bladders. The first soccer ball made out of rubber was created in 1855 while the first inflatable rubber bladder was built in 1862.
The English Football Association was the first governing body to standardize the rules and constraints for making a soccer ball. To add furthermore, continuous advancements in technology has only made soccer balls better, durable, and lighter.
Soccer shoes originally came in the form of heavy leather shoes tacked with steel, but in 1863, the football association banned players for using them. Eventually, the new lightweight and durable design (or the modern soccer shoes) prevailed in the market and are in use since then.
The first shin guards were worn by a player named Sam Weller Widdowson, who just trimmed down a pair of cricket pads and wore it as a shin guard. This idea was initially mocked at, but very soon, everybody started to realise the importance of shin guards and started wearing them.
Before the 1970s, soccer gloves were rarely worn by players or even goalkeepers. After that, people started wearing gloves as a means of protection and comfort.
,The strict rugby-style offside rule was relaxed: a player was considered onside as long as there were three opponents between the player and therefore the opposite goal. The free kick awarded for a fair catch (still seen in different soccer codes) was eliminated. A tape (corresponding to the new crossbar) was adscititious to the goals; antecedently goals might be scored at any height (as these days in Australian rules football).
The situation when the ball went behind the goal-line was simplified: all rugby-like components were removed, with the defence being awarded a goal-kick no matter that the team touched the ball.
Handling of the ball was banned (previously, players had been allowed to catch the ball). groups amendment ends at half-time, however as long as no goals were scored within the first half.
Introduction of the particular position of goalkeeper, who is allowed to handle the ball "for the protection of his goal".
The indirect free kick was introduced as a penalisation for a handball, the first mention of a correctional action for contravening the principles. The corner kick is introduced. teams don't amend ends once goals are scored in the second half.
The throw-in was granted against the team who kicked the ball into touch (previously it had been awarded to the first player from either team to the touch the ball once it went out of play). The goalkeeper might not "carry" the ball.
The indirect free kick, antecedently used solely to penalise handball, is extended to hide fouls and offside. the first regard to a match official (the "umpire"). Previously, team captains had usually been expected to enforce the laws.
A goal might not be directly scored from a corner-kick or the kick-off. groups amendment ends at half-time solely. The goal might have either a crossbar or tape.
The throw might get into any direction (previously it had to be thrown in at right-angles to the sideline, as these days in rugby union). As a result of this alteration, the clubs of the city soccer Association united to drop their own unique "Sheffield Rules" and use the FA laws.
A player can be regarded as offside even if he is in a throw-in.
The referee is introduced, to determine disputes between the umpires. The caution (for "ungentlemanly behaviour") and therefore the sending-off (for violent conduct) seem within the laws for the first time.
An "international conference" between English, Scottish, Irish and Welsh soccer associations, conducted in Dec 1882, resulted with the unification of the principles across the home nations, that entailed many changes to the FA's laws the subsequent year. The throw-in finally reaches its current type, with players needed to throw the ball from on top of the head using two hands. A player can't be offside from a corner kick. The goalkeeper might take up to 2 steps whereas holding the ball. The goal should have a crossbar (the choice of tape is removed). The kick-off should be kicked forwards. The touch-line was introduced (previously, the boundary of the sector of play had been marked by flags).
The goalkeeper might not handle the ball within the opposition's half.
The drop ball was presented as a way of restarting play once it's been suspended by the referee.
A player is also sent off for continual cautionable behaviour.
A goal might not be scored directly from a goal kick.
The penalty kick was added, for handball or fouls within twelve yards of the line. Linesmen replace the umpires. Pitch markings are introduced for the goal space, penalty space, centre spot and centre circle.
The laws specify, for the primary time, the number of players on every team (11) and therefore the length of every match (90 minutes, unless agreed otherwise). The half-way line is introduced. the entire length of the bottom is reduced from two hundred yards to a hundred thirty yards.
Goalkeepers might handle the ball for any purpose (previously the goalkeeper was permissible to handle the ball solely "in defence of his goal").
The goal space and penalty space assume their current dimensions, extending six yards and eighteen yards severally from the goal posts. The penalty spot is introduced.
A goal is also scored directly from a free kick awarded for handball or foul (previously all free-kicks awarded for infringements of the laws, aside from penalty kicks, had been indirect). A referee might refrain from awarding a free kick or penalty to relinquish advantage to the attacking team. A player is also sent off for "bad or violent language to a Referee".
Players can't be offside once in their half.
The goalkeeper might handle the ball solely in the penalty space.
A player can't be offside from a throw-in.
A goal is also scored directly from a free kick.
The offside rule was relaxed further: a player was considered onside as long as there were two opponents between the player and therefore the opponents' goal-line (previously, three opponents had been required).
The goalkeeper might take four steps (rather than two) whereas carrying the ball.
The "D" was annexed to the pitch markings, to make sure that players don't infringe at ten yards of the player taking a penalty kick.
Stanley Francis Peyton Rous utterly rewrites the laws. A player is also sent off for "serious foul play".
The red and yellow cards were introduced.
An additional relaxation of the offside rule: a player level with the second-last opponent is taken into account onside (previously, such a player would are thought of offside). A player is also sent off for an offence that denies opponents a "clear goalscoring opportunity".
The back-pass rule was established: the goalkeeper might not handle the ball once it's been intentionally kicked to him/her by a mate.
The principles are utterly rewritten, for the first time since 1938. A goal is also scored directly from the kick-off or the goal kick. The goalkeeper might not handle the ball once receiving it directly from a team-mate's throw.
The four-step constraint on the goalkeeper handling the ball was abolished and replaced by the "six-second rule": the goalkeeper might not handle the ball for more than six seconds. The goalkeeper might not be charged whereas holding the ball.
Goal-line technology permissible (but not required).
The kick-off is also kicked in any direction.
Video assistant referees permissible (but not required). A fourth substitution is permissible in additional time.
A variation of association football, in which team is made up of five players, i.e. four outfielders and one goalie. It's different from regular football because it has a smaller pitch, smaller goals, and reduced time duration. Matches can be played indoors or outdoors inside a caged field.
A form of association football which is played on a small pitch, hard court, and mostly indoors. It also consists of teams having five players each, but unlike five-a-side football, futsal courts are marked down by lines, not by boards or walls. The futsal ball is also smaller, harder, and less bouncy than regular soccer balls.
It's a form of soccer which is played on the beach or sand.
It's a variant of football played between two teams of eighteen players each on an oval field. The ball is also oval shaped. The rules are also entirely different from association football. The player can handle the ball with his hand and run with it.
The purpose of the game is to score more goals than the opponent team to win the game.
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